For decades, when faced with grade I degenerative spondylolisthesis and stenosis at L4–5, spine surgeons have decompressed, instrumented, fused, and admired their pedicle screws like proud parents at graduation.
But what if — just what if — fusion isn’t the only valedictorian in town?
Subscribe to continue reading
- Unlimited access to our content and archive
- Exclusive access to our newsletter
- Join the Conversation! Exclusive access to article comments.

